葉 子暘 教授
教授
醫學倫理與法律研究中心副總監
牛津大學哲學博士
悉尼大學醫學院生物倫理學碩士
牛津大學法學院研究碩士（法律研究）
倫敦大學國王學院法學碩士
新英格蘭大學法學士
香港大學社會科學學士（政治學與法學）
英國皇家公共衛生學會院士
Biography
葉子暘，公共衛生倫理學專家，現為香港大學醫學倫理與法律研究中心教授及副總監。
葉教授關於公共衛生法律與倫理的著作，發表於《The Lancet Public Health》、《The Lancet Planetary Health》、《American Journal of Public Health》、《Medical Law Review》、《Journal of Law and the Biosciences》、《Journal of Medical Ethics》、《Health Economics, Policy and Law》、《Public Health Ethics》等學術期刊。正在探索星球衛生法學此全新學術領域，從而提出更為有條理的法律制度，以處理氣候危機對地球健康和人權的威脅。同時在港大李嘉誠醫學院，開課教授環球衛生法學。
葉教授亦為比較公法專家，以司法審查為研究對象。此領域的學術論文，曾發表於專家評審期刊如《The American Journal of Comparative Law》、《Oxford Journal of Legal Studies》、《International & Comparative Law Quarterly》和《International Journal of Constitutional Law》。著有《Hybrid Constitutionalism》（劍橋大學出版社，2019年）和《Judging Regulators》（Edward Elgar出版社，2020年）等專著，也是著名的《The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Administrative Law》（牛津大學出版社，2021年）的聯席編輯。
加入香港大學前，葉教授曾任職於倫敦大學學院和香港中文大學法律學院，並在後者擔任助理院長。他曾榮獲中大頒發青年學者研究成就獎（2014年）和傑出研究學者獎（2015年）；港大法律學院頒授的研究著作獎（2017及2021年）、傑出教學獎（2018年）；港大頒發的最佳研究著作獎（2020年）和傑出青年研究學者獎（2021年）。
Research
Awards
Service
Editorship and Professional Affiliation
Select Research Grants
Books (Author)
Ip, EC. Planetary Health Law and Governance. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Under Contract.
Ip, EC. The Law and Regulation of Public Health: Hong Kong in Global Perspective. New York: Routledge, 2024.
Villalta Puig, G, Ip, EC. The Freest Market in the World: The Constitutional Logic of Economic Liberty in Hong Kong. London: Routledge, 2023.
Ip, EC. Behavioral Public Choice Economics and the Law. Singapore: Springer, 2022.
Ip, EC. Law and Justice in Hong Kong: Principles of the Legal System (4th edn). Hong Kong: Sweet & Maxwell, 2022.
Ip, EC. Judging Regulators: The Political Economy of Anglo-American Administrative Law. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2020.
Ip, EC. Hybrid Constitutionalism: The Politics of Constitutional Review in the Chinese Special Administrative Regions. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Book (Editor)
Cane, P, Hofmann, HCH, Ip, EC, Lindseth, P, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Administrative Law. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2021.
Select Book Chapters
Ip, EC. Administrative Justice in Authoritarian States. In: Tomlinson, T, Thomas, R, Hertogh M, Kirkham R, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Administrative Justice. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2022. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190903084.013.15
Thomson, S, Ip, EC. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China: Legal Response to Covid-19. In: King, J, Ferraz, O, eds. The Oxford Compendium of National Legal Responses to Covid-19. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/law-occ19/e8.013.8
Ip, EC. Comparative Constitutional Politics in the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau. In: Hirsch Ballin, EMH, van der Schyff, G, de Visser, M, Stremler M, eds. European Yearbook of Constitutional Law 2020. The Hague: Springer and TMC Asser Press, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-431-0_6
Ip, EC. Parliamentary Regimes. In: Cane, P, Hofmann, HCH, Ip, EC, Lindseth, P, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Administrative Law. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2021. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198799986.013.18
Ip, EC. Legal Profession and Representation. In: Chui WH, Lo, TW, eds. Understanding Criminal Justice in Hong Kong (2nd edn). New York, NY: Routledge, 2016.
Select Journal Publications
Ip, EC. An emergent planetary health law. International & Comparative Law Quarterly 2023; 72(4): 1047-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589323000325
Ip EC. Harnessing legal structures of virtue for planetary health. Journal of Medical Ethics 2023; 49: 833-7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme-2022-108759
Ip EC. From the right to a healthy planet to the planetary right to health. The Lancet Planetary Health 2023; 7(2): E104-5. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00337-0
Kwok, KHF, Ip, EC, Lee, SF. The conundrums of the reasonable patient standard in English medical law. BMC Medical Ethics 2023; 24: 15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-023-00892-2
Ip, EC, Cheung D. Mapping the legal foundations of planetary mental health. Global Mental Health 2022; 9: 206-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2022.22
Thomson, S, Ip, EC, Lee, S. International comparisons of COVID-19 case and mortality data and the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions: A plea for reconsideration. Journal of Biosocial Science 2022; 54(5): 735-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932021000547
Ip, EC. The natural law ethics of public health lockdowns. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy 2022; 36(1): 101-24.
Ip, EC, Lee SF. The constitutional determinants of planetary health. The Lancet Planetary Health 2021; 5(6): E331-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00078-4
Ip, EC. Law, virtue, and public health powers. Public Health Ethics 2021; 14(2): 148-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/phe/phab014
Ip, EC. The constitutional economics of the World Health Organization. Health Economics, Policy and Law 2021; 16(3): 325-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744133120000249
Ip, EC. The political determinants of China’s new health constitution. Medical Law Review 2021; 29(1): 3-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/medlaw/fwaa030
Thomson, S, Ip, EC. COVID-19 emergency measures and the impending authoritarian pandemic. Journal of Law and the Biosciences 2020; 7(1): lsaa064. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsaa064
Cheung, D, Ip, EC. COVID-19 lockdowns: a public mental health ethics perspective. Asian Bioethics Review 2020; 12: 503-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41649-020-00144-0
Thomson, S, Ip, EC. COVID-19 emergency measures are hurting democracy globally. American Journal of Public Health 2020; 110(9): 1356-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305816
Ip, EC, Cheung, D. Global mental health security—time for action. JAMA Health Forum 2020; 1(6): e200622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.0622
Ip, EC. Hong Kong—The unprecedented promulgation of public health emergency regulations amid the COVID-19 outbreak. Public Law 2020; 2020(2): 580-2.
Lee, SF, Ip, EC. Preparing for the coming transnational cancer crisis amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Cancer Causes & Control 2020; 31: 703-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-020-01310-3
Ip, EC. China’s new public health constitution: a cause for hope? The Lancet Public Health 2020; 5(4): e190-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30050-5
Lee, E, Ip, EC. Judicial diplomacy in the Asia-Pacific: theory and evidence from the Singapore-initiated transnational judicial insolvency network. Journal of Corporate Law Studies 20(2): 389-420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14735970.2019.1701174
Ip, EC. Hong Kong—constitutional limits on emergency powers amid the 2019 crisis. Public Law 2020; 2020(1): 182-5.
Ip, EC. Hong Kong—Mainland Chinese enclave in highspeed railway station held constitutional, Leung Chung Hang Sixtus v President of the Legislative Council [2019] 1 HKLRD 292. Public Law 2019; 2019(4): 792-5.
Ip, EC. The virtuous epidemiologist. Journal of Public Health 2019; 41(4): 864-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy198
Ip, EC. Anorexia nervosa, advance directives, and the law: a British perspective. Bioethics 2019; 33(8): 931-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12593
Ip, EC, Yap PJ. Substantive review of administrative discretion in Hong Kong: divergence between judicial rhetoric and practice. The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 2019; 7(1): 190-211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxz006
Ip, EC, Kwok, KHF. Judicial control of local protectionism in China: antitrust enforcement against administrative monopoly on the Supreme People’s Court. Journal of Competition Law & Economics 2017; 13(3): 549-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/joclec/nhx018
Ip, EC. Debiasing regulators: the behavioral economics of US administrative law. Common Law World Review 2017; 46(3): 171-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1473779517725507
Ip, EC. Interpreting interpretations: a methodology for the judicial enforcement of legislative interpretations of the Hong Kong Basic Law. Public Law 2017; 2017(4): 552-62.
Ip, EC. Comparative subnational foreign relations law in the Chinese Special Administrative Regions. International & Comparative Law Quarterly 2016; 65(4): 953-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589316000427
Ip, EC. The politics of constitutional common law in Hong Kong under Chinese sovereignty. Washington International Law Journal 2016; 25(3): 565-95.
Partlett, WE, Ip, EC. Is socialist law really dead? New York University Journal of International Law and Politics 2016; 48: 463-511.
Ip, EC. Constitutional conflict in Hong Kong under Chinese sovereignty. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law 2016; 8(1): 75-99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40803-016-0025-y
Ip, EC. Prototype constitutional supervision in China: the lessons of the Hong Kong Basic Law Committee. Asian Journal of Comparative Law 2015; 10(2): 323-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2016.2
Ip, EC. The constitution of economic liberty in Hong Kong. Constitutional Political Economy 2015; 26(3): 307-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10602-015-9187-1
Ip, EC. Doctrinal antithesis in Anglo-American administrative law. Supreme Court Economic Review 2014; 22(1): 147-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/682017
Ip, EC. Constitutional competition between the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal and the Chinese National People’s Congress Standing Committee: a game theory perspective. Law & Social Inquiry 2014; 39(4): 824-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12036
Ip, EC. Taking a “hard look” at “irrationality”: substantive review of administrative discretion in the US and UK Supreme Courts. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 2014; 34(3): 481-510. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/gqu005
Ip, EC. The democratic foundations of judicial review under authoritarianism: theory and evidence from Hong Kong. International Journal of Constitutional Law 2014; 12(2): 330-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/mou026
Ip, EC. The high court of the people: popular constitutionalism in Hong Kong under Chinese sovereignty. Law & Policy 2014; 36(3): 314-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12023
Ip, EC. The judicial review of legislation in the United Kingdom: a public choice analysis. European Journal of Law and Economics 2014; 37(2): 221-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-011-9281-4
Ip, EC. The evolution of constitutional adjudication in the Chinese Special Administrative Regions: theory and evidence. The American Journal of Comparative Law 2013; 61(4): 799-830. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5131/AJCL.2013.0008
Jordan SR, Ip EC. Demystifying the hermit kingdom: the constitution and public administration in North Korea. International Review of Administrative Sciences 2013; 79(3): 544-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852313490576
Ip, EC. The institutional foundations of Supreme Court power in Britain’s representative democracy. Representation: The Journal of Representative Democracy 2013; 49(3): 281-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2013.830481
Ip, EC. The economic structure of Hong Kong administrative law: efficiency and legality of government decision-making since China’s resumption of sovereignty. Washington University Global Studies Law Review 2013; 12(2): 227-61.
Ip, EC. Judicial review in China: a positive political economy analysis. Review of Law and Economics 2012; 8(2): 331-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/1555-5879.1598
Ip, EC, Law, MKH. Decentralization, agency costs, and the new economic constitution of China. Constitutional Political Economy 2011; 22(4): 355-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10602-011-9110-3
Ip, EC. The Supreme People’s Court and the political economy of judicial empowerment in contemporary China. Columbia Journal of Asian Law 2011; 24(2): 367-35.
Ip, EC. Globalization and the future of the law of the sovereign state. International Journal of Constitutional Law 2010; 8(3): 636-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/moq033
Ip, EC. The idea of law in classical Chinese legalist jurisprudence. Global Jurist 2009; 9(4): 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2202/1934-2640.1311
Other Academic Writings
Ip, EC, Wan, TTW. The right to pursue happiness on a healthy planet is a fundamental right. BMJ Journal of Medical Ethics Blog 2022; June 17, 2022. https://blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2022/06/17/the-right-to-pursue-happiness-on-a-healthy-planet-is-a-fundamental-right/
Ip, EC. Book essay: Judging Regulators: The Political Economy of Anglo-American Administrative Law (Edward Elgar Publishing 2020). British Association of Comparative Law Blog 2021; November 5, 2021. https://british-association-comparative-law.org/2021/11/05/judging-regulators-the-political-economy-of-anglo-american-administrative-law-edward-elgar-publishing-2020-by-eric-c-ip/
Ip, EC. Courts, proportionality and COVID-19 lockdowns. International Association of Constitutional Law IACL-AIDC Blog, 2021; September 23, 2021. https://blog-iacl-aidc.org/covid19-future-constitutionalism/2021/9/23/courts-proportionality-and-covid-19-lockdowns
Ip, EC, Thomson, S. COVID-19 exceptionalism and the “new normal” of authoritarian governance. Administrative Law in the Common Law World 2021; March 10, 2021. https://adminlawblog.org/2021/03/10/eric-c-ip-and-stephen-thomson-covid-19-exceptionalism-and-the-new-normal-of-authoritarian-governance/
Cheung, D, Ip, EC. What are the obligations of the state? A public mental health ethics perspective on the Covid-19 lockdowns. BMJ Journal of Medical Ethics Blog 2020; May 6, 2020.
https://blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2020/05/06/what-are-the-obligations-of-the-state-a-public-mental-health-ethics-perspective-on-the-covid-19-lockdowns/
Ip, EC. The morality of administrative law. Administrative Law Blog 2017; May 22, 2017. https://adminlawblog.org/2017/05/22/eric-c-ip-the-morality-of-administrative-law/
Ip, EC. Judicial scrutiny of administrative statutory interpretation: a comparative perspective. American Bar Association: Administrative & Regulatory Law News 2016; 41(4): 10.
University Outstanding Young Researcher Award, The University of Hong Kong (2020-2021)
Faculty Research Output Prize, The University of Hong Kong (2021)
University Research Output Prize, The University of Hong Kong (2020)
Faculty Outstanding Teaching Award, The University of Hong Kong (2018)
Faculty Research Output Prize, The University of Hong Kong (2017)
Research Excellence Award, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (2015)
Young Researcher Award, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (2014)
Founding Convenor and Co-convenor (Constitutional Law), Overseas Lawyers Qualification Examination (2014-2015)
Member, Constitutional and Human Rights Committee, Law Society of Hong Kong (2012-2016)
Member and Panel Chairman, Selection Board, Sir Edward Youde Memorial Fellowships/Scholarships, Sir Edward Youde Memorial Fund Council (2012-2014)
Supervisory Editor, Hong Kong Law Journal (2022-)
Member, Planetary Health Alliance (2022-)
Fellow, Royal Society of Public Health (UK) (2020-)
Member, Editorial Advisory Board, Law and Social Inquiry (2016-2018)
Associate Editor, Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal (2010-2011)
Ip, Eric C. (Principal Investigator), RGC General Research Fund 2023, “Judging the Automated State: The Reformation of Administrative Law for the Coming Age of Algorithmic Government in Hong Kong under Chinese Sovereignty,” Amount: HKD 457,140.
Ip, Eric C. (Principal Investigator), RGC General Research Fund 2017, “The Constitutional Foundations of Free Markets: Economic Provisions of the Hong Kong Basic Law in Comparative Perspective,” Amount: HKD 892,484.
Ip, Eric C. (Principal Investigator), RGC Early Career Scheme 2013, “Mitigating Cross-Border Constitutional Tensions: An Economic Analysis of the Design and Performance of the Committee for the Basic Law of Hong Kong,” Amount: HKD 233,000